The islamic revolution occurred in 1979, in the muslim majority country of iran. Iranian revolution and the islamic republic, its impact on the relationship. Following the success of the revolution, the islamists instituted a theocratic dictatorship and wiped out the workers movement and the left. Feb 11, 2019 forty years ago, ayatollah ruhollah khomeini spearheaded a revolution that deposed a monarchy in iran. Iranian revolution wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
A history of modern iran in a radical reappraisal of iran s modern history, ervand abrahamian traces its traumatic journey across the twentieth century, through the discoveryofoil,imperialinterventions,theruleofthepahlavis,and,in 1979, revolution and the birth of the islamic republic. A repressive theocracy had replaced an authoritarian monarchy. Beyond rhetoric, thousands of women were also heavily mobilized in the revolution itself, 159 and different groups of women actively participated alongside their male counterparts. Beginning in 1978, largescale antigovernment demonstrations challenged. This article is brought to you for free and open access by opensiuc. Please practice handwashing and social distancing, and check out our resources for adapting to these times. This is the more regrettable since the history of a section of the plateau, elam, cannot be neglected by any serious student of the ancient near east. Brief background information explains the underpinnings of the revolution and basic facts about islam, including the differences between shiite and sunni sects. Iranian revolution timeline by savannah massingill on prezi. Iran s revolution began with a popular democracy movement and ended with the establishment of the world s first islamic state. Download pdf dynamics of the iranian revolution free online.
Iranian revolution, popular uprising in 197879 that resulted in the fall of the pahlavi dynasty and the establishment of an islamic republic. The iranian revolution relied on many methods of unarmed insurrectionsuch as demonstrations, strikes, boycotts, contestation of public space, and the establishment of parallel institutionsthat would be used in the philippines, latin america, eastern europe and elsewhere in subsequent years. The iranian revolution pivotal moments in history library. The iranian revolution was a populist, nationalist and shia islamic revolution that replaced a dictatorial monarchy with a theocracy based on guardianship of the islamic jurists or velayate faqih its causes why the shah mohammad reza pahlavi was overthrown and why he was replaced by an islamic republic are a subject of historical debate. The iranian revolution kent as the islamic revolution or 1979 revolution an aw. Like any history that tries to pack so much time into so few pages, eotm suffers from being too brisk and therefore a little confusing at times. The iranian revolution was the islamic revolution that replaced the secular monarchy of shah mohammad reza pahlavi with a theocracy led by ayatollah ruhollah khomeini. Download pdf dynamics of the iranian revolution free. The soviet union and the iranian revolution russia in. In a reappraisal of irans modern history, ervand abrahamian traces its traumatic journey across the twentieth century, through the discovery of oil, imperial interventions, the rule of the pahlavis and, in 1979, revolution and the birth of the islamic republic. As a result of the iranian revolution, iran became an islamic republic. The present study endeavors to present the facts about early elamite and iranian history in.
Part of the history of religions of eastern origins commons. The iranian political elite, state and society relations, and foreign. Iranian revolution, also known as the islamic revolution, is a momentous development in the modern history of islam. Iranian revolutions in comparative perspective nikki r. Dynamics of the iranian revolution download dynamics of the iranian revolution ebook pdf or read online books in pdf, epub, and mobi format. Islamist revolutionaries opposed the western secular policies of the authoritarian shah of iran mohammed reza pahlavi. Each special issue will be available, free of charge, on our website. D espite economical growth, there was much opposition against the mohammad reza shah, and how he used the secret police, the savak, to control the country. This article discusses the history of iran from 640 ce to the present. But just as each earlier revolution can be seen in relation to others even as it displays its own singularity, this true of iran also. Iran is bordered on the north by armenia, azerbaijan, turkmenistan, and the caspian sea.
The islamic revolution and iran under ayatollah khomeini, 1979 1989. Their reaction was based on president jimmy carters decision to allow. The picture show the recent unrest in iran harkens back to the 1979 islamic revolution. Strong shii opposition against the shah, and the country came close to a situation of civil war. This outcome contrasts sharply with other modern revolutionary movements, which have been fought in the name of nationalism or socialism and which have concluded. For the history of the region before the 7th century, see ancient iran. In revolutionary iran, michael axworthy guides us through recent iranian history from shortly before the 1979 islamic revolution through the summer of 2009, when iranians poured into the streets of tehran by the hundreds of thousands, demanding free, democratic government.
The arab invasion of iran made a break with the past that affected not only iran but all of western asia and resulted in the assimilation of peoples who shaped and vitalized muslim culture. The iranian revolution at 30 middle east institute. Most of the resulting analyses tend to locate the origins of the revolution in the errors of the shah and of. The opposition was lead by ayatollah khomeini, who lived in exile in iraq and later in france. Supporters of ayatollah khomeini organized protests in opposition to the authoritarian government of the shah.
In this essay, i will compare and contrast the background and ideology of the iranian revolution with the russian revolution of 1917. Islamist revolutionaries opposed the western secular policies of the authoritarian shah of iran mohammed reza pahlavi supporters of ayatollah khomeini organized protests in opposition to the authoritarian government of the shah. The roots of the islamic revolution can be traced to developments that long predated it. The countrys name was changed from persia to iran in 1935. November 1964 khomeini is arrested and taken to mehrabad. A multiclass opposition overthrew an autocratic ruler, leading to the establishment of a theocratic state. April 7, 1964 khomeini is released from house arrest. At the first signs of escalating unrest in early 1978, neither iranian nor u. Pdf this paper intends to explore the role and key contributions that ayatollah ruhollah played in the iranian revolution.
Djahani ta sogute regime pahlavi the history of foreign relations of iran. For all students of iranian history in the twentieth century this event is the most important focal point alongside the revolution of 19781979 itself, but, as follows from soviet academic publications from the 1970s, it was no less important at that time as well gasiorowski, 2004. This is most obviously the case in regard to the leadership, ideology and goals of the revolution. It is to them and their resilience that this book is dedicated, as iran emerges at the beginning of the twentyfirst century as one of the most powerful states in the middle east. The iranian revolution and the russian revolution 1667 words 7 pages. Theda skocpol, an american sociologist specializing in the study of social revolutions, proposed an unprecedented cultural theory to account for the unique aspects of the iranian revolution, which she admitted falsified her past history based theories on causes of social revolutions. This concise but informative history chronicles how the iranian revolution of 1979 transformed iran from a monarchy to a fundamentalist islamic republic. Click download or read online button to dynamics of the iranian revolution book pdf for free now. Download dynamics of the iranian revolution ebook pdf or read online books in pdf, epub, and mobi format. Free iranian revolution essay sample in the category.
The history of iran, which was commonly known until the mid20th century as persia in the western world, is intertwined with the history of a larger region, also to an extent known as greater iran, comprising the area from anatolia, the bosphorus, and egypt in the west to the borders of ancient india and the syr darya in the east, and from the caucasus and the eurasian steppe in the north to. It has direct connections with the presentday conflicts between the. On their return home, marjis mother slapped them, and this invoked a lot of anger. A history of iran eotm by michael axworthy was a comprehensive history of iran right from around 2000 bce to the present. This echoed violence on top of the revolution witnessed, and sparked a strong reaction to the role of the state and parents authority. Its causes continue to be the subject of historical debate and are believed to. The iranian revolution of february 1979, by homa katouzian. In the opening chapters, colonel tavakkoli offers a brief analysis of iranian history and society explaining the reasons for its major defeats. The role and contribution of ayatollah ruhollah khomeini article pdf available may 2012 with 12,8 reads how we measure reads. Sep 18, 2006 this is a clip from a documentary titled crisis in iran by the history channel with mike wallace. Brief background information explains the underpinnings of the revolution and basic facts about islam. Persepolis and the iranian revolution freebooksummary. Ruhollah khomeini ruhollah khomeini centre greeting supporters after returning to tehran, february 1979.
Jan 07, 2018 jan 7, 2018 iranian revolution wikipedia, the free encyclopedia stay safe and healthy. Keddie the iranian revolution of 197879 shocked the world and set in motion a search for causes. The revolution begins june 6, 1963 khomeini is arrested and put under house arrest. Islamic revolution simple english wikipedia, the free. List of books and articles about iranian revolution online.
Iranian revolution, also called islamic revolution, persian enqelabe eslami, popular uprising in iran in 197879 that resulted in the toppling of the monarchy on february 11, 1979, and led to the establishment of an islamic republic. The iranian revolution of 197779 was the first in a series of mass popular civil insurrections which would result in the overthrow of authoritarian regimes in dozens of countries over the next three decades. The shah, the islamic revolution and the united states springerlink. Embassy in tehran, taking more than 60 american hostages. Myers thl 357 research project 2,421 words persepolis and the iranian revolution persepolis was made in 2007. It came about as the culmination of decades of popular discontent mixed with economic turmoil and an increasingly repressive regime. The 1979 iranian revolution was a major landmark in iranian history. The iranian revolution of 1979 was a religious uprising that involved the collapse of the longstanding monarchy in iran.
Iranian revolution how is the islamic revolution connected. Book five is in 6 sections, each dealing with various phases of the 1979 islamic revolution. This resource covers the iranian revolution in in four sections. The iranian revolution past, present and future glittering achievements, the sassanid empire was characterised by extreme oppression of the downtrodden masses. Though, they enjoyed this game, it portrayed the bloodiest revolution in the iranian history. Nevertheless, for the iranian world the advent of islam meant not liberation but defeat and conquest by an alien people. Masoud ahmadzadeh, ervand abrahamian, et al, 19641979.
The iranian revolution thus bears comparison with its historic predecessors. Iranian revolution world history free video study iq. Publication date 2010 topics iran history revolution, 1979 juvenile literature. Dec 03, 20 the iranian revolution of 1979 was a pivotal moment in revolutionary history. After completing the assignment students will have a better understanding of what the situation was in iran as well as the spark that start. List of books and articles about iranian revolution.
Jan 03, 2020 a sweeping and dramatic history of the last half century of conflict in the middle east from an awardwinning journalist who has covered the region for over thirty years, the great war for civilisation unflinchingly chronicles the tragedy of the region from the algerian civil war to the iranian revolution. The disputed election, which saw the reelection of the radical. Iranian revolution refers to the popular movement in iran 1979 to overthrow a prowestern monarchy and establish an islamic republic. On november 4, 1979, a group of iranian students stormed the u. Covering islam took as its point of departure the iranian revolution, which by then had been fully counterrevolutionized by the forces of the ayatollah. His message was distributed through music cassettes, which were smuggled into iran in small numbers, and then duplicated, and spread all around the country. The iranian revolution 1977 1979 download pdf version by stephen zunes april 2009. This sparked protests and riots resulting in over 400 deaths. The islamic revolution in 1979 transformed iranian society and reshaped the.
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